HOKUSAI

Katsushika Hokusai was born in Edo in 1970.   He was the son of an artisan.  Hokusai, being the best known of Japanese artists, and having had an intense influence in western art but in particular impressionists, he actually isn’t Japanese himself

Hokusai is one of the greatest artists of Japanese art and I find Japanese art work incredibly interesting and intriguing due to the intricate details that are included which is really and truly inspiring. Hokusai is in fact the one that had inspired a whole load of Japanese artists and even a whole generation of western artists.

In the late 18^th and early 19^th century, Hokusai was Japanese artist who was well known in the West for his paintings and woodblock prints.

The Great Wave is the best known image of Japanese art in the Western world today, yet prints of it were sold in the 19^th century. The Great Wave is part of one of the thirty six views of Mount Fuji.

Quote: “…of all I drew prior to the age of seventy there is truly nothing of great note. At the age of seventy-two I finally apprehended something of true quality...and at one hundred I shall have become truly marvellous, and at one hundred and ten, each dot, each line shall surely possess a life of its own. I only beg that others of sufficiently long life take care to note the truth of my words.”

Yayoi Kusama

Subject Matter:

From Kusama’s work, I can infer that she is trying to communicate her work through circles that may be acting like all the different planets. She could be portraying her obsession with certain shapes and colours. Critics have variously certified her work to minimalism, feminism, obsessivism, surrealism, pop and abstract expressionism. “One thing for certain is that it has been a long and strange journey for Kusama, who is 74 in 2004.”

Technique:

In Kusama’s work, she mostly does paintings, collages, sculptures and environmental works and they are all similar in the sense of sharing an obsession with repetition, pattern and build up. A lot of her work seems to be of smooth layers; some may be 3D and have bumps but mostly are not layered. Even so, she does have dramatic angles in her work that creates a sense of again, obsession.

Artist’s Career:

·        *Born in Matsumoto in 1929, Kusama remembers growing up “as an unwanted child of        unloving parents.”

·        * A penchant for drawing and painting led Kusama to plot her escape with the help of art    magazines, and after sewing black-market American currency into the seams of her clothes,  Kusama fled Japan in search of  her hero, Georgia O’Kleeffe.

·         * Kusama came to New York in 1958 and began to create a life for herself as an artist

·         * Kusama made the front page of the New York Daily News in August 1969, after infiltrating the   Museum of  Modern Art’s sculpture garden with a bunch of naked co-conspirations to perform   her “Grand Orgy to  Awaken the Dead.”

Links with own work:

I have really enjoyed researching about Yayoi Kusama as I love her style and her obsession with dots and circles on all her sculptures and paintings. I chose this artist because I want my final chair design to have that sense of abstract, repetition yet originality to it.

Tom Dixon

Subject Matter:

In my opinion, I think that the chairs that Tom Dixon has created are very simple and what interested me the most is the mood of the designs which seem to be very dark due to the choice of colour. The fact that he uses the colour black in the majority of his chairs which gives a bold effect to it.

Technique:

All of the chairs that I have viewed of his creations are very well sculptured as well as ergonomically friendly. I think that he did use  a range of tools to make these chairs look as they do: professional and well-constructed. The majority of his chairs are completely black. The reason behind this is not said however I think that it gives a sense of unity to his creations, and that it could be his signature on the chairs which shows that he as sculpted the chair.

Links with own work:

The reason why I have chosen this particular artist is because the majority of his chairs are black which got me thinking that I would like to have something similar on my chair to represent that it is designed by me. The artist also links into generating an idea similar to mine about making it ergonomically friendly as well as being well constructed. In addition, I would like to learn more about the sort of machinery and tools that Dixon has used to create some of these chairs so that I can incorporate these techniques when producing my final design. Personally, I would rather have a chair like Dixon’s rather than one which is too fancy looking and colourful and that is difficult to sit on as it is not ergonomically friendly.

Quote by Tom Dixon:

“The S-chair provided a step out of the self-production ghetto. The Jack Light proved a convincing attempt at mass-production.”

Frank Gehry

Frank Gehry was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada  in 1929. He had studied at the university of southern California and Harvard, before he created his first practice, Frank Gehry and Associates in 1963. Soon after, this practice was succeeded by the firm Gehry & Krueger Inc. His deconstructed architectural style began to emerge in the late 1970s when he was directed by a personal vision of architecture. He created collages like buildings as well as the ah-hoc pieces of functional sculpture.The reason why I have chosen Frank Gehry as an artist to study is because the two main chairs that he has created look so simple yet perfect and that is what intrigued me.

The chair on the right is very well ergonomically designed, for example the end of the chair where the knees rest on has a curve instead of just a straight 90 degree cut. This makes the chair more comfortable for the person to sit on without having any strain or pain under the knees.

Another reason why it is well designed is because of the back support. It also has a slight curve for your lower back to fall into which would automatically give the person good posture as well as relaxing and simply just leaning back.

All of the reasons above also cover the chair design on the left. I personally think that this chair would be slightly more comfortable because of the curve on the top of the chair where your head can fall back and comfortably rest on.

Art Movements

Art Nouveau is a style of art that came into Europe during the late 19th century, though its influence is worldwide and continuous. The artistic style is characterized by the use of organic shapes and dramatic, curving lines that cover many forms of art including paintings, glassware, furniture, and architecture. Many of its themes are taken from nature, though accessible quite abstractly, and include plants, flowers, and naturally curved lines. A few famous artists for this style include Aubrey Beardsley, Thomas Malory, and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. This stylistic choice was ultimately changed in the twentieth century, but its influence can still be seen in Europe and other parts of the world.
 

Art Deco is a style of decorative art, design and architecture from the mid-1920s to the mid-40s in Europe, the United States and other countries. Art Deco was one of the first styles of modern architecture. It was influenced by different styles and movements of the early 20th century. An idea behind art deco architecture was to seemingly rationalise buildings the same way you would rationalise a car. The style was much more mutual in profitable buildings than in houses; many banks, schools, and libraries were built in this style. Most of the public buildings built by the Works during the Great Depression are in the Art Deco style. One of the most famous Art Deco buildings is the Chrysler Building in New York City, and another famous one is Bullock's Wilshire in Los Angeles

 

 
Bauhaus was a design school that appeared in Germany in 1919. Bauhaus designers and their students broke from tradition and established a very modernist style. Their main purpose was to incorporate art, technology and craftsmanship by disregarding standard and creating a new design philosophy. The original ideas varied from architecture to furniture design to typography. They believed that design of any sort should to be considered a high art as does painting or sculpture.